French schools

French in Andorra French in Argentina French in Austria
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French in Turkey French in United States  


French language

French (le français) is the third-largest of the Romance languages in terms of number of native speakers, after Spanish and Portuguese, being spoken by about 120 million people as a mother tongue or fluently. As a Romance language, it is a daughter language of Latin, although there has been significant borrowing from Ancient Greek.

It is an official language in 30 countries.

French is also an official or administrative language in several communities and international organisations (such as the European Union, International Olympic Committee, World Trade Organization, NATO, FINA, FIA, UCI, FIFA, World Anti-Doping Agency, United Nations, African Union, International Court of Justice, IHO, International Secretariat for Water, International Political Science Association, International Bureau of Weights and Measures, European Broadcasting Union, ESA, Universal Postal Union, Interpol and so on) and is among the six official languages of the United Nations and of all its agencies. While the status of French as the leading language for international communication has declined since its peak in the 18th and 19th centuries due to the rise of English, it maintains a prominent position.

Legal Status in France

Per the Constitution of France, French has been the official language since 1992. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education outside of specific cases (though these dispositions are often ignored) and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding both in the American and British media, France does not prohibit the use of foreign words in websites nor in any other private publication, as that would violate the constitutional right of freedom of speech. The misunderstanding may have arisen from a similar prohibition in the Canadian province of Quebec which made strict application of the Charter of the French Language between 1977 and 1993, although these regulations addressed language used in advertising and the provision of commercial services offered within the province, not the language of private communication.

There exist in addition to French a variety of languages spoken in France by minorities.

Regional Varieties

Regional Varieties

Acadian French

African French

Aostan French

Belgian French

Cajun French

Canadian French

Cambodian French

Metropolitan French

German French

Indian French

Jersey Legal French

Lao French

Levantine French

Maghreb French

Meridional French

New Caledonian French

Newfoundland French

North American French

Oceanic French

Quebec French

South East Asian French

Swiss French

Vietnamese French

West Indian French


Derived Languages

Derived Languages

Antillean Creole

Haitian Creole

Lanc-Patuá

Mauritian Creole

Michif

Louisiana Creole French

Réunionese Creole

Seychellois Creole

Tay Boi


List of countries where French is an official language

Belgium

Benin

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cameroon

Canada

Central African Republic

Chad

Comoros

Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic
of the Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Djibouti

Equatorial Guinea

France

Gabon

Guinea

Haiti

Luxembourg

Madagascar

Mali

Mauritania

Monaco

Niger

Rwanda

Senegal

Seychelles

Switzerland

Togo

Vanuatu


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